Jay Prakash Narayan or JP is new face
of new thought of Bihar after golden time of great empire, emperors, Ashok, Budhha,
Chanakya, Valmiki, Bismillah, Mahaveer, Nalanda etc. Latest trends are
Madhubani paintings, Mithila paintings, Silk of Bhagalpur, Bhojpuri Film
Industries, folks singer, festivals etc.
After independence JP had returned in state politics after long time in 1960. He was very much annoyed with corruption and miss-governance of state and centre, 1974 was the year of high
inflation, poverty, unemployment, lack of supplies and essential commodities. He was leading a silent procession in form of peaceful agitation, procession was lathi charged. He addressed a big crowd on 5th June 1974 in Ghandhi Maidan, Patna and said –
“This is a revolution friends ! We
are not here merely to see the Vidhan Sabha dissolved. This is the only
milestone of our journey. But we have a long way to go…. After 27 years f
freedom, people of their country are wracked by hunger, rising prices,
corruption……. Oppressed by every kind of the Justice…. It is a total
revolution, we want, Nothing less !”
Lots of students from various parts
of India, joined JP movement, also called “Bihar Movement”. JP asked for,
“Total Revolution”.
JP attracted 1 Lakh crowd at Ramlila
ground, Delhi and thrilled the place with a famous poem of national poet- Dinkar
“Singhasan Khali Karo Ke Janta Aati
Hai”.
Crowd was full of energy and
shattered the entire nation including Congress Govt, sitting in Centre, PM
Indira Ghandhi ji. She understood that scene and later on Emergency in 1975
and so on……………….
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| File Pic. via FirstPost |
Bihar
has lowest per capita income in India, $59.4 Billion GDP, 13th state
in GDP; 22% - Agriculture, 5% - Industry and Services – 73% contribute in economy, 63.8% Literacy, Male
literacy- 77.7% and Female literacy – 55%, Urban Literacy – 71.9%, Rural
Literacy- 43.9%, Sex Ratio – 921 F : 1000 M, 58% Population is under 25 years,
total Population is around 8 Crores and 85% population stays in rural areas of
Bihar.
If we refer development figures of
Bihar, GDP grew @4.0% between FY 1990-2004 and @10.8% between FY 2005-12 , 15.5%@ FY 2012-13 and
later on slipped @8.82% FY 2013-14, @9.92% FY 2014-15.
Mandal Commission was set up in 1978 by Morarji Desai Govt to identify
the socially, economically and educationally backward classes on certain
indicators and aim was to add them in mainstream of society by suitable
reservations. It was chaired by B. P. Mandal. Commission reported his report in
Dec 30, 1980 and recommended 27% reservation for OBC people. By this sum up of
reservation, it was reaching to 49.5% as quota in Govt jobs and public
universities. Meanwhile Janta Party Govt collapsed, Later on V. P. Singh Govt
tried to implement those recommendations of Mandal commission in 1989 and faces
heat of strong protests by students and others from every parts of India. Not
only he failed to implement them but his Govt also collapsed with that. That
was the beginning of Mandal Politics in India. Students
came out through J P Movement, grasped Mandal Politics as a opportunity in
Bihar and UP. Socialism added in that as Ghee in political eatery. Mulayam Singh Yadav took command in UP and Lalu Prasad in Bihar. With the blow of socialistic perceptive, very soon both yadav eastablished in their places. Lalu Yadav sworn as CM in Bihar, claiming himself leader of backwards with own 11.7% yadav
Voters in 1990. Cngress was in opposition. Lalu Prasad again won in 1995, BJP
came in opposition. Sushil Modi elected as leader of opposition. Later on Mr
Yadav resigned, when CBI charge sheeted him in fodder scam on PIL of Mr Modi.
His wife Rabri Devi continued as CM, re elected in 2000 with M-Y calculations,
since Muslims are also owning 14% vote. Claiming to success of cast politics, Lalu
Yadav said,
“Swarg nahin, lekin swar diya (I have
given voice, if not heaven)”, referring to poor and backwards.
Looking to caste distribution in
Bihar :
Forward (Bhumihar- 6%, Brahmin- 5%,
Rajputs- 3% and kayasth- 1%)
OBC
or BC-I (Yadav- 14%, Kurmis- 4%, Koeris- 8%)
MBC/EBC or BC-II (Kushwaha- 4%, Teli-
3% etc)
Muslims- 16.5%
Dalits- 6% (Paswan/Dusadh- 4%)
Mahadalits- 10%
Still 85% population still lives in rural areas, out of that only 57%
male are educated, 29.6% female are educated.
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| File Pic. via Zee News |
In 2005 Bihar Assembly polls,
assembly got hung and president rule imposed till Oct-2005. In fresh elections in
Oct, people of Bihar ditched RJD Govt and gave clear mandate to JDU-BJP
alliance, NDA won 143 seats out of 243 with 36% vote share. Mr Kumar reelected
as CM of Bihar in Nov 2010 with a landslide victory, securing 206 seats out of
243.
Mr Kumar was appointed as Bihar CM in
2000 but resigned in lack of majority. Prior to CM post, Mr Kumar was working
in NDA Cabinet as Rail Minister from 1998 to 99, later on rejoined cabinet from
2001 to 2004. The infamous burning of passengers by Muslim mob at Godhra railway station in Gujrat and Godhra riots of 2002 happened happened during his tenure as railway minister.
Post Godhra, Mr Kumar
enjoyed CM post in Bihar with BJP alliance but when Gujarat CM, Narendra Modi upgraded as Chief Election
Campaigner as BJP, he engaged in war of words to secure his secular credentials
as Modi was represented as communal Hindu face and he was afraid to lose his
Muslim votes, resulted split of 17 years
old coalition with BJP on 16th June 2013. He retained his Govt with
support of Congress and others. It was guessed, Mr Kumar was wishing to
represent himself as face of Minorities, other hands Congress was losing his
face among voters, he thought, scattered votes of Congress and secular votes
will add in his accounts.
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| File Pic. via NDTV |
BJP was smart enough to
identify Mr Kumar successor as LJP. NaMo was represented as OBC face and model
of development, resulted complete polarization of Swarn votes, strong backing
of 16% non-Yadav OBCs and 22% most backward classes votes (EBC) plus LJP 5%
paswan dalit votes created a new chemistry of 38.8% vote shares, never ever
before succeed to secure 31 seats out of 40 in LS2014.
In blow of NaMo Tsunami all swept, BJP
returned back to power with massive victory and Mr Kumar shrinked at 2 seats of
Lok Sabha from 20. It was a big embarrassment for Kumar and he resigned from
his post and he played his 16% Mahadalit and Dalits card with sworning Jitan
Ram Manjhi as a Bihar CM. Mr Manjhi denied to act like ROBOT and begun his own
politics stunts with collecting some anti-Nitish JDU MLAs. Mr Kumar started
luring in thirst of post and utilized all ways fingers to pull down Mr Manjhi. But
since more than 10 MLAs shifted to Majhi camp, Mr Kumar reached on back foot
and requested his traditional anti Mr Yadav to support on name of keeping
communal forces out of power.
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| File Pic. via PTI |
15th Bihar
Assembly is about to end and fresh elections will take place within months. JP
ex- students reached under one umbrella and birthed one new alliance Janta
Party to secure all mandal votes and stop MODIfications of voters. Initial days
JDU invested in damage controls with RJD, one time traditional rival and
targeted as Jungle Raaj, Kushashan and blaw blaw…..
10th May 2015, Sarad Yadav says, “Nitish Kumar or I never
said that there was Jungle Raaj (in Bihar during Lalu Prasad’s rule) ‘’.
June 8th 2015, Lalu Prasad Yadav says, “Nitish Kumar My
Chhota Bhai, was kidnapped by BJP’’.
24th June
2015, Nitish Kumar says, “Till I am there Jungle Raaj can never come. I had
established rule of law and this will continue to prevail’’.
BJP is also making new
strategy for Bihar Polls, keeping eyes on clear majority, believing on rebel of
JDU and RJD both with open doors. Hijacking of Yadav votes, youths from all
castes, securing OBC-MBC-Swarn votes are key majors of their steps. It is
expected BJP will establish himself as Party for all, will try to shade his
forward party image by giving more tickets to winning candidates from all
sections. Modi magic, vision of powerful India and lots of new welfare
programme, employment etc are few added advantage of BJP in which new voters-
Youth may rely from all sections except minorities, this kind of strategy also be added in campaigns of BJP & NDA
to attract such.
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| File Pic. via Indian Express |
BJP is believing of Modi
magic and performance of 1 year of Modi Govt in centre, looking relaxed but
focused.
14th April
2015, Amit Shah says, “ Zero plus zero is a zero’’ referring new alliance of JP students.
22nd June
2015, R V Paswan says “ NDA will win Bihar Polls with 2/3rd majority’’.
Like Ekta Kapoor Serial’s
suspense, in Bihar Election, natural allies of 17 years (BJP-JDU) are hostile
to each other. Both parties have got new partners (RJD & LJP), meanwhile
partners have some rebellions, informers (Manjhi & Yadav) who is helping the
new enemies (BJP and JDU) of politics. One traditional rival (RJD) is now
working with JDU hiding his own political ambitions of senior posts.Big Boss, who enters in
every serials in climax are Amit Shah and Mulam Singh Yadav, who are waiting
for their right move and defeat each other. This time Bihar Polls may give a
strong message to either side. Planned campaign and new time voters may
contribute a leading role in Bihar. In assembly polls, fragmented
mandate used to come so far, voters rely on local participation of leaders, hence
selection of candidate will also play a big role. Apart from this VOTE KATWA
has also some role to play. As a voter point of view, Voters are also afraid by
return of Jungle Raaj, recently Mr Kumar has tried to give some message by
arrest of few BAHUBALI, but how much it will impact of Voters, time will say
!!!!
Reference : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki and several news channels
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